{"id":21635,"date":"2022-02-01T01:01:00","date_gmt":"2022-02-01T01:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sagaciousresearch.com\/blog\/?p=21635"},"modified":"2025-09-16T09:09:08","modified_gmt":"2025-09-16T09:09:08","slug":"understanding-patent-obviousness-and-overcoming-associated-rejections","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sagaciousresearch.com\/blog\/understanding-patent-obviousness-and-overcoming-associated-rejections","title":{"rendered":"Understanding Patent Obviousness and Overcoming Associated Rejections"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Obviousness is perhaps the most challenging obstacle to overcome while substantiating the patentability of an invention. This is due to its ambiguous and subjective nature. Rejection of an application due to obviousness could be a grave dissatisfaction for an inventor, whose brilliant idea was rendered unpatentable due to an indistinct concept<em>.<\/em> Obviousness rejections are based on prior art references and the interpretations derived from them. That is why it becomes imperative to understand the concept of Obviousness and identify ways to overcome it. This article is an attempt in the same direction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d8b60def5cf\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d8b60def5cf\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/sagaciousresearch.com\/blog\/understanding-patent-obviousness-and-overcoming-associated-rejections\/#So_what_makes_an_invention_obvious\" >So what makes an invention obvious?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/sagaciousresearch.com\/blog\/understanding-patent-obviousness-and-overcoming-associated-rejections\/#Novel_vs_Obvious_in_Patent_Law\" >Novel vs. Obvious in Patent Law<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/sagaciousresearch.com\/blog\/understanding-patent-obviousness-and-overcoming-associated-rejections\/#Ways_for_overcoming_the_Patent_Rejection_from_Obviousness\" >Ways for overcoming the Patent Rejection from Obviousness<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/sagaciousresearch.com\/blog\/understanding-patent-obviousness-and-overcoming-associated-rejections\/#Conclusion\" >Conclusion<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/sagaciousresearch.com\/blog\/understanding-patent-obviousness-and-overcoming-associated-rejections\/#Having_Queries_Contact_Us_Now\" >Having Queries? Contact Us Now!<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"so-what-makes-an-invention-obvious\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_what_makes_an_invention_obvious\"><\/span>So what makes an invention obvious?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>An invention is declared as obvious if the differences between the claims and the prior art(s) are apparent to a person with ordinary skill at the time of filing of the patent application. In short, if an invention is obvious to an average person, it cannot be patented. Thus, as the concept is entirely subjective, a significant part of the patent prosecution process is related to arguing with the examiner for the invention being not apparent,and it is not based on the prior arts cited by the examiner<em>. In many cases, it has been seen that the examiner has used a combination of prior arts to reject a claim (one or more prior art references to interpret). <\/em>Moreover, when we compare the concept of Novelty with the idea of Obviousness, the subjectivity of the latter becomes even more evident as we will see in the sections below.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"novel-vs-obvious-in-patent-law\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Novel_vs_Obvious_in_Patent_Law\"><\/span>Novel vs. Obvious in Patent Law<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Novelty&nbsp;is defined under Section 102 of United States Code Title 35 &#8211; Patents of the U.S. Patent Act. A claim lacks novelty if each component has been described or discovered in a single prior art.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On the other hand, &#8220;Obviousness&#8221; is defined under Section 102 of United States Code Title 35 &#8211; Patents of the U.S. Patent Act, and a claim is not&nbsp;patentable if all the elements of the claim can be arrived at either by combining elements of the two or more prior arts or by combining the elements of the one or more prior arts with the knowledge of the person ordinarily skilled in the art. Moreover, the classification of the underlying claim as &#8216;Obvious&#8217; leans more towards the legal aspect of the process rather than being a technical question. USPTO has provided various guidelines for rejecting a claim under obviousness. These guidelines arrange the cases in the following groups of obviousness rationales:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" style=\"list-style-type:1\">\n<li>A simple substitution of one known element with another element to determine the same result.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uses of known techniques for improving the same devices (methods, or products).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&#8220;Obvious to try&#8221;\u2014choosing from a finite number of identified predictable solutions, with a reasonable expectation of success.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Some teaching, suggestion, or motivation available in the prior art led a person with ordinary skill to modify or by combining the prior art references to arrive at the same claimed invention.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Known work in one field may prompt variations for use in either the same field or a different field if the variations are predictable to one of ordinary skill in the art.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Combination of prior-art elements according to known methods to yield predictable results.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ways-for-overcoming-the-patent-rejection-from-obviousness\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ways_for_overcoming_the_Patent_Rejection_from_Obviousness\"><\/span>Ways for overcoming the Patent Rejection from Obviousness<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>While protecting the patent application from being rejected on arbitrary and unrelated bases, it is essential to know how to tackle when such situations arrive. The following points will help in avoiding the obviousness rejections:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>&nbsp;Any unsupported conclusions or reliance on only common sense by the examiner should always be challenged by arguing that the rejection is conclusory and unsupported.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>One must challenge the conclusion of Obviousness by explaining how the problem was not known in the prior art or other pieces of evidence related to the solution.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If an examiner rejects the claim based on patents or published patent applications, it is suggested to have a closer look at the patent&#8217;s prosecution history. The takeaways from it may be used to dispute any assertion made by combining different references.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Assumptions by the examiner about the finite number of solutions with anticipated success can be targeted by showing the examiner the number of choices and how uncertain the outcomes of each alternative could be.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The examiner&#8217;s analysis can also be challenged on the grounds that the prior art failed to suggest any solution to the problem solved by the invention.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>&nbsp;The unpredictability and variables of the Obviousness suggested by the examiner should be explained, and, if possible, the unexpected results can be demonstrated.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lastly, if still the examiner is not convinced, amendments to the claims can be made and specific elements that were not shared in the prior art references can be added.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Additionally, while responding to the obviousness rejection, the applicant must use the above arguments (as applicable). Even, in case, if the examiner is not persuaded, the statements may be persuasive on an appeal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conclusion\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span>Conclusion<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Explore insights on understanding patent obviousness and overcoming associated rejections with SagaciousElevate. Our expertise in <a href=\"https:\/\/sagaciousresearch.com\/utility-patent-drawings\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">utility patent drawings services<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/sagaciousresearch.com\/trademark-search\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">trademark search services<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/sagaciousresearch.com\/trademark-monitoring\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">trademark monitoring services<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/sagaciousresearch.com\/patentability-search\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">patentability search services<\/a> ensures you stay ahead with reliable IP solutions. Partner with us today to safeguard, manage, and maximize your intellectual assets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Having_Queries_Contact_Us_Now\"><\/span>Having Queries? Contact Us Now!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\/* <![CDATA[ *\/\nvar gform;gform||(document.addEventListener(\"gform_main_scripts_loaded\",function(){gform.scriptsLoaded=!0}),document.addEventListener(\"gform\/theme\/scripts_loaded\",function(){gform.themeScriptsLoaded=!0}),window.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(){gform.domLoaded=!0}),gform={domLoaded:!1,scriptsLoaded:!1,themeScriptsLoaded:!1,isFormEditor:()=>\"function\"==typeof InitializeEditor,callIfLoaded:function(o){return!(!gform.domLoaded||!gform.scriptsLoaded||!gform.themeScriptsLoaded&&!gform.isFormEditor()||(gform.isFormEditor()&&console.warn(\"The use of gform.initializeOnLoaded() is deprecated in the form editor context and will be removed in Gravity Forms 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id='input_203_17' class='large gfield_select'    aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" ><option value='' >Please Select Country<\/option><option value='United States' >United States<\/option><option value='Canada' >Canada<\/option><option value='United Kingdom' >United Kingdom<\/option><option value='China' >China<\/option><option value='India' >India<\/option><option value='North Korea' >North Korea<\/option><option value='South korea' >South korea<\/option><option value='United Arab Emirates' >United Arab Emirates<\/option><option value='Afghanistan' >Afghanistan<\/option><option value='Albania' >Albania<\/option><option value='Algeria' >Algeria<\/option><option value='Andorra' >Andorra<\/option><option value='Angola' >Angola<\/option><option value='Antigua and Barbuda' >Antigua and Barbuda<\/option><option value='Argentina' >Argentina<\/option><option value='Armenia' >Armenia<\/option><option value='Australia' >Australia<\/option><option value='Austria' >Austria<\/option><option value='Azerbaijan' >Azerbaijan<\/option><option value='The Bahamas' >The Bahamas<\/option><option value='Bahrain' >Bahrain<\/option><option value='Bangladesh' >Bangladesh<\/option><option value='Barbados' >Barbados<\/option><option value='Belarus' >Belarus<\/option><option value='Belgium' >Belgium<\/option><option value='Belize' >Belize<\/option><option value='Benin' >Benin<\/option><option value='Bhutan' >Bhutan<\/option><option value='Bolivia' >Bolivia<\/option><option value='Bosnia and Herzegovina' >Bosnia and Herzegovina<\/option><option value='Botswana' >Botswana<\/option><option value='Brazil' >Brazil<\/option><option value='Brunei' >Brunei<\/option><option value='Bulgaria' >Bulgaria<\/option><option value='Burkina Faso' >Burkina Faso<\/option><option value='Burundi' >Burundi<\/option><option value='Cabo Verde' >Cabo Verde<\/option><option value='Cambodia' >Cambodia<\/option><option value='Cameroon' >Cameroon<\/option><option value='Central African Republic' >Central African Republic<\/option><option value='Chad' >Chad<\/option><option value='Chile' >Chile<\/option><option value='Colombia' >Colombia<\/option><option value='Comoros' >Comoros<\/option><option value='Congo' >Congo<\/option><option value='Costa Rica' >Costa Rica<\/option><option value='C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire' >C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire<\/option><option value='Croatia' >Croatia<\/option><option value='Cuba' >Cuba<\/option><option value='Cyprus' >Cyprus<\/option><option value='Czech Republic' >Czech Republic<\/option><option value='Denmark' >Denmark<\/option><option value='Djibouti' >Djibouti<\/option><option value='Dominica' >Dominica<\/option><option value='Dominican Republic' >Dominican Republic<\/option><option value='East Timor (Timor-Leste)' >East Timor (Timor-Leste)<\/option><option value='Ecuador' >Ecuador<\/option><option value='Egypt' >Egypt<\/option><option value='El Salvador' >El Salvador<\/option><option value='Equatorial Guinea' >Equatorial Guinea<\/option><option value='Eritrea' >Eritrea<\/option><option value='Estonia' >Estonia<\/option><option value='Eswatini' >Eswatini<\/option><option value='Ethiopia' >Ethiopia<\/option><option value='Fiji' >Fiji<\/option><option value='Finland' >Finland<\/option><option value='France' >France<\/option><option value='Gabon' >Gabon<\/option><option value='The Gambia' >The Gambia<\/option><option value='Georgia' >Georgia<\/option><option value='Germany' >Germany<\/option><option value='Ghana' >Ghana<\/option><option value='Greece' >Greece<\/option><option value='Grenada' >Grenada<\/option><option value='Guatemala' >Guatemala<\/option><option value='Guinea' >Guinea<\/option><option value='Guinea-Bissau' >Guinea-Bissau<\/option><option value='Guyana' >Guyana<\/option><option value='Haiti' >Haiti<\/option><option value='Honduras' >Honduras<\/option><option value='Hungary' >Hungary<\/option><option value='Iceland' >Iceland<\/option><option value='Indonesia' >Indonesia<\/option><option value='Iran' >Iran<\/option><option value='Iraq' >Iraq<\/option><option value='Ireland' >Ireland<\/option><option value='Israel' >Israel<\/option><option value='Italy' >Italy<\/option><option value='Jamaica' >Jamaica<\/option><option value='Japan' >Japan<\/option><option value='Jordan' >Jordan<\/option><option value='Kazakhstan' >Kazakhstan<\/option><option value='Kenya' >Kenya<\/option><option value='Kiribati' >Kiribati<\/option><option value='Kosovo' >Kosovo<\/option><option value='Kuwait' >Kuwait<\/option><option value='Kyrgyzstan' >Kyrgyzstan<\/option><option value='Laos' >Laos<\/option><option value='Latvia' >Latvia<\/option><option value='Lebanon' >Lebanon<\/option><option value='Lesotho' >Lesotho<\/option><option value='Liberia' >Liberia<\/option><option value='Libya' >Libya<\/option><option value='Liechtenstein' >Liechtenstein<\/option><option value='Lithuania' >Lithuania<\/option><option value='Luxembourg' >Luxembourg<\/option><option value='Madagascar' >Madagascar<\/option><option value='Malawi' >Malawi<\/option><option value='Malaysia' >Malaysia<\/option><option value='Maldives' >Maldives<\/option><option value='Mali' >Mali<\/option><option value='Malta' >Malta<\/option><option value='Marshall Islands' >Marshall Islands<\/option><option value='Mauritania' >Mauritania<\/option><option value='Mauritius' >Mauritius<\/option><option value='Mexico' >Mexico<\/option><option value='Micronesia' >Micronesia<\/option><option value='Moldova' >Moldova<\/option><option value='Monaco' >Monaco<\/option><option value='Mongolia' >Mongolia<\/option><option value='Montenegro' >Montenegro<\/option><option value='Morocco' >Morocco<\/option><option value='Mozambique' >Mozambique<\/option><option value='Myanmar (Burma)' >Myanmar (Burma)<\/option><option value='Namibia' >Namibia<\/option><option value='Nauru' >Nauru<\/option><option value='Nepal' >Nepal<\/option><option value='Netherlands' >Netherlands<\/option><option value='New Zealand' >New Zealand<\/option><option value='Nicaragua' >Nicaragua<\/option><option value='Niger' >Niger<\/option><option value='Nigeria' >Nigeria<\/option><option value='North Macedonia' >North Macedonia<\/option><option value='Norway' >Norway<\/option><option value='Oman' >Oman<\/option><option value='Pakistan' >Pakistan<\/option><option value='Palau' >Palau<\/option><option value='Panama' >Panama<\/option><option value='Papua New Guinea' >Papua New Guinea<\/option><option value='Paraguay' >Paraguay<\/option><option value='Peru' >Peru<\/option><option value='Philippines' >Philippines<\/option><option value='Poland' >Poland<\/option><option value='Portugal' >Portugal<\/option><option value='Qatar' >Qatar<\/option><option value='Romania' >Romania<\/option><option value='Russia' >Russia<\/option><option value='Rwanda' >Rwanda<\/option><option value='Saint Kitts and Nevis' >Saint Kitts and Nevis<\/option><option value='Saint Lucia' >Saint Lucia<\/option><option value='Saint Vincent and the Grenadines' >Saint Vincent and the Grenadines<\/option><option value='Samoa' >Samoa<\/option><option value='San Marino' >San Marino<\/option><option value='Sao Tome and Principe' >Sao Tome and Principe<\/option><option value='Saudi Arabia' >Saudi Arabia<\/option><option value='Senegal' >Senegal<\/option><option value='Serbia' >Serbia<\/option><option value='Seychelles' >Seychelles<\/option><option value='Sierra Leone' >Sierra Leone<\/option><option value='Singapore' >Singapore<\/option><option value='Slovakia' >Slovakia<\/option><option value='Slovenia' >Slovenia<\/option><option value='Solomon Islands' >Solomon Islands<\/option><option value='Somalia' >Somalia<\/option><option value='South Africa' >South Africa<\/option><option value='Spain' >Spain<\/option><option value='Sri Lanka' >Sri Lanka<\/option><option value='Sudan' >Sudan<\/option><option value='South Sudan' >South Sudan<\/option><option value='Suriname' >Suriname<\/option><option value='Sweden' >Sweden<\/option><option 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